The use of organic manure improves the soil structure, which increases the air circulation and water retention capacity of the soil. Integrated use of organic manure with chemical fertilizers increases the efficiency of fertilizers. Green manure, compost, farm yard manure, sulphitated pressmud, vermicompost are the main organic manures suitable for its application in soil for improving soil properties favourable for plant growth.
Green Manure
Legumes are often used as green manure, because they fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil. Growing leguminous plants in the same field or bringing them from somewhere else and incorporating them in the field is called green manuring. For this, Sunhemp, Dhaincha and green gram are commonly used.
• Sunhemp can be used as green manure in upland and Dhaincha in low land. It is buried in the soil after 8-10 weeks of planting, which provides about 50-60 kg of nitrogen /ha.
• Green gram is quite popular in spring sugarcane, which, when buried in the soil after breaking the pods twice, provides 25-30 kg of nitrogen per ha. Leguminous crops can be planted in sugarcane either before planting sugarcane or simultaneously as a mixed crop.

Compost
• Compost, Farm yard manure and sulphited pressmud are quite popular in sugarcane cultivation. Sulphited pressmud should be composted 1-2 months in advance and then used or incorporate in the soil at least one month before sugarcane planting.
• Sulphited pressmud should be directly applied in the salt affected soil without composting for its proper reclamation. The fresh sulphited pressmud is quite effective in the reclamations of soil.
• Compost contains an average of 0.5% nitrogen, 0.2% phosphorus and 0.5% potash. Dry sugarcane leaves also make good compost. While preparing the field for sugarcane planting, 20 t/ha of compost or cow dung manure or sulphited pressmud should be properly mixed in the soil. This provides the crop with about 50 kg of organic nitrogen along with other nutrients.Use of Cake
• Nowadays, due to the use of agricultural machinery, the availability of compost is less at farmers end. If compost or FYM or sulphited pressmud is not available, then concentrate organic manure cake should be used in the furrow @ 8 quintals/ha at the time of sugarcane plantation.
• The use of Neem, Mahua, Castor and Karanj Cake as organic manure is best because it contains high amount of nutrients.

Vermicompost
• The process of making compost by earthworms is called vermicompost. It contains organic carbon along with 1.5 -2.0 % Nitrogen, 1.3-1.8 % phosphorus and 1.5-2.0 Potassium. Apart from this, auxins, cytokinin hormones and enzymes are also found which help in the overall development of plants.
• Vermicompost contains more organic matter which improves the physical condition of the soil qualitatively. The use of 5 tonnes of vermicompost alongwith recommended dose of fertilizer was found beneficial for obtaining higher sugarcane yield.

Bio-fertilizer
• Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can be used as bacterial fertilizer in sugarcane cultivation. These bacteria live in Free State in the soil.
• Azotobacter and Azospirillum stabilize atmospheric nitrogen and make it available to the plant and PSB increases the amount of available phosphorus.
• By using Azotobacter and Azospirillum as bacterial fertilizer, about 20-25 kg of nitrogen can be saved /ha and by using PSB, available phosphorus can be increased by about 10-15 percent. Apart from this, hormones and vitamins etc. also increase in the soil.
• Method of Application: 4 kg of biofertilizers is required for one hectare of land in sugarcane. Organic manure must be used in the field before biofertilizers application. Bio-fertilizer should be mixed well with about 200 kg compost and should be applied in the furrow at time of planting or after 30-45 days after planting in root zone and soil should be covered with the help of a hoe. Bacterial fertilizer can be used twice also. 2 kg of bacterial fertilizer can be used at the time of planting sugarcane and 2 kg per hectare at the time of soil covering.
• For sustainable farming, it is necessary that organic fertilizers such as compost, FYM, green manure, vermicompost etc. must be added to the soil. Selection and quantity of fertilizers should be determined on the basis of soil testing. This maintains soil health and also increases the efficiency of fertilizer use. Higher yield can be obtained by proper nutrient management from organic, inorganic and biofertilizers source.